Promotion of Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Metastasis Emergence Caused by Olfactory Receptor Stimulation
Figure 6
Mineral oil effect on LNCaP cells invasiveness and calcium response.
(a) LNCaP cells were seeded onto collagen type I gels and were stimulated by mineral oil or mineral oil mixed with 10−4M β-ionone, 2.10−4M α-ionone, 10−7M AS605240 or 10−5M gallein. Mineral oil was first diluted 1/4 in DMSO (mineral oil was not totally solubilized at this dose, but this allowed us to expect a very large solubilization of the mineral oil components) and the solution was then diluted 1/1000 in the culture medium or collagen I gel. Invasive cells were counted 24 hours later. Results are presented as the invasion index relative to that of control cells (with only the DMSO). Bars indicate standard deviation. Standard deviation of the control was 3,67%. Results obtained with mineral oil alone and with mineral oil containing β-ionone are not significantly different. Statistics were performed using a two-tailed Student test (n = 3). (b) LNCaP cells were loaded with fluo-4 and stimulated with mineral oil or a mixture of mineral oil and 10−4M α-ionone. Calcium responses are expressed as the mean fluorescence variation ΔF/F relative to that of control, which corresponds to cells stimulated with buffer containing the same DMSO concentration than the odorants and mineral oil samples. Bars indicate standard deviation. Standard deviation of the control was 15,96%. Statistics were performed using a two-tailed Student test (n = 7).