Characterizing the Radioresponse of Pluripotent and Multipotent Human Stem Cells
Figure 1
Pluripotent and early germ-layer markers in hES cells.
Immunocytochemical analysis of hES cells reveals strong expression and co-localization of the pluripotent transcription factors (Octamer-4, Oct-4, A) and Stage Specific Embryonic Antigen (SSEA-4, B) counter-stained with 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phnylindole (DAPI, C) shown as merged image (D). Phase contrast images taken 24 after 0, 2 and 5 Gy (E–G, respectively) show the effect of irradiation on embryoid body formation. To gauge the impact of irradiation on germ layer differentiation (H–P), an ectodermal marker β-III-Tubulin (Tuj1, H–J), a mesodermal marker α-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA, K–M) and an endodermal marker α-fetoprotein (AFP, N–P) were used after 0 (H,K,N), 2 (I,L,O) and 5 Gy (J,M,P) respectively. Scale bars, 100 µm (A–D), 50 µm (E–G) and 10 µm (H–P).
