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Fish with Chips: Tracking Reef Fish Movements to Evaluate Size and Connectivity of Caribbean Marine Protected Areas

Figure 4

Cost surface for the U.S. Virgin Islands based on relative environmental suitability for shallow-water reef fish.

One modeled least-cost path is shown for an individual mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis) that moved a maximum of 40.2 km between two receivers (Virgin Islands National Park [VINP] to shelf edge spawning aggregation). The path was parameterized to preferentially follow wherever possible the low cost coral reef to achieve a minimum accumulative travel cost between the two farthest receivers with detections.

Figure 4

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096028.g004