Therapeutic Efficacy of an ω-3-Fatty Acid-Containing 17-β Estradiol Nano-Delivery System against Experimental Atherosclerosis
Fig 1
Characterization of the uptake of the 17-βE-loaded CREKA-peptide-modified nanoemulsion system and nitric oxide production by human aortic ECs in culture.
(A) Uptake and distribution of the rhodamine-123 dye labeled CREKA-peptide modified nanoemulsion system in cultured human aortic ECs. (B) Transmission electron microscopy of CREKA-peptide modified 17-βE loaded nanoemulsion formulation. The nanoemulsion is spherical with diameter of ~150nm. Scale bar is 500 nm. (C) Effect of 17-βE solution and nanoemulsion on nitric oxide production (nitrate plus nitrite) by cultured human aortic ECs. Data reported as mean ± S.D. for n = 4 independent samples. The asterisk represents statistical significance (P < 0.05) between untreated control cells and the different solution and CREKA-peptide-modified nanoemulsion-based treatments indicated.
