Engagement of monocytes, NK cells, and CD4+ Th1 cells by ALVAC-SIV vaccination results in a decreased risk of SIVmac251 vaginal acquisition
Fig 1
Study design and vaccine efficacy.
(A) Study design. Animals were immunized with either ALVAC-SIV (vCP180; 20 animals) or NYVAC-SIV (VP1071; 20 animals) expressing Gag-Pol-Env of the SIVK6W clone of SIVmac251 [20] and boosted with the native form of SIVmac251/gp120 adjuvanted in 5 mg of alum Alhydrogel. Two of the 20 animals included in the ALVAC-SIV group and one of the 10 animals in the NYVAC-parental group died before the challenge phase for reasons unrelated to the vaccine. (B, C) Acquisition curves following SIVmac251 intravaginal administration in the (B) ALVAC-SIV (n = 18) and (C) NYVAC-SIV immunized (n = 20) animals compared to the pooled control groups (S1A Fig). (D) Logarithmic mean ± s.d. of SIV/RNA levels in the plasma of the animals that became infected in the three animal groups (ALVAC-SIV, n = 18; NYVAC-SIV, n = 19; pooled controls n = 20). (E) Logarithmic mean ± s.d. of SIV/RNA levels in the plasma of the same infected animals 2 weeks from infection. SIV/DNA copy number in the (F) rectal and (G) vaginal mucosa of the infected animals amongst the vaccinated (ALVAC-SIV n = 14; NYVAC-SIV n = 17) and control (n = 20) groups 2 weeks post-infection (horizontal line: median).
